Description:
Multi-signature wallet contract requiring multiple confirmations for transaction execution.
Blockchain: Ethereum
Source Code: View Code On The Blockchain
Solidity Source Code:
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"sources": {
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/access/AccessControl.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IAccessControl} from "./IAccessControl.sol";
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
import {IERC165, ERC165} from "../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
/**
* @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
* control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
* members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
* applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
* {AccessControlEnumerable}.
*
* Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
* in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
* using `public constant` hash digests:
*
* ```solidity
* bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
* ```
*
* Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
* function call, use {hasRole}:
*
* ```solidity
* function foo() public {
* require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
* ...
* }
* ```
*
* Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
* {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
* accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
*
* By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
* that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
* roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
* {_setRoleAdmin}.
*
* WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
* grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
* accounts that have been granted it. We recommend using {AccessControlDefaultAdminRules}
* to enforce additional security measures for this role.
*/
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
struct RoleData {
mapping(address account => bool) hasRole;
bytes32 adminRole;
}
mapping(bytes32 role => RoleData) private _roles;
bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;
/**
* @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
* with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error including the required role.
*/
modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
_checkRole(role);
_;
}
/// @inheritdoc IERC165
function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
}
/**
* @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
*/
function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual returns (bool) {
return _roles[role].hasRole[account];
}
/**
* @dev Reverts with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error if `_msgSender()`
* is missing `role`. Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
*/
function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
_checkRole(role, _msgSender());
}
/**
* @dev Reverts with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error if `account`
* is missing `role`.
*/
function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
revert AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount(account, role);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
* {revokeRole}.
*
* To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
*/
function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual returns (bytes32) {
return _roles[role].adminRole;
}
/**
* @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
*
* If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
* event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
*
* May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
*/
function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
_grantRole(role, account);
}
/**
* @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
*
* If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
*
* May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
*/
function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
_revokeRole(role, account);
}
/**
* @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
*
* Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
* purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
* if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
*
* If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
* event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - the caller must be `callerConfirmation`.
*
* May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
*/
function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address callerConfirmation) public virtual {
if (callerConfirmation != _msgSender()) {
revert AccessControlBadConfirmation();
}
_revokeRole(role, callerConfirmation);
}
/**
* @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
*
* Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
*/
function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
_roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
}
/**
* @dev Attempts to grant `role` to `account` and returns a boolean indicating if `role` was granted.
*
* Internal function without access restriction.
*
* May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
*/
function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual returns (bool) {
if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
_roles[role].hasRole[account] = true;
emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* @dev Attempts to revoke `role` from `account` and returns a boolean indicating if `role` was revoked.
*
* Internal function without access restriction.
*
* May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
*/
function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual returns (bool) {
if (hasRole(role, account)) {
_roles[role].hasRole[account] = false;
emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/access/extensions/AccessControlEnumerable.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (access/extensions/AccessControlEnumerable.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IAccessControlEnumerable} from "./IAccessControlEnumerable.sol";
import {AccessControl} from "../AccessControl.sol";
import {EnumerableSet} from "../../utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol";
import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
/**
* @dev Extension of {AccessControl} that allows enumerating the members of each role.
*/
abstract contract AccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControlEnumerable, AccessControl {
using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;
mapping(bytes32 role => EnumerableSet.AddressSet) private _roleMembers;
/// @inheritdoc IERC165
function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlEnumerable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
}
/**
* @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
* value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
*
* Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
* change at any point.
*
* WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
* you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
* https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
* for more information.
*/
function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) public view virtual returns (address) {
return _roleMembers[role].at(index);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
* together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
*/
function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
return _roleMembers[role].length();
}
/**
* @dev Return all accounts that have `role`
*
* WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
* to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
* this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
* uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
*/
function getRoleMembers(bytes32 role) public view virtual returns (address[] memory) {
return _roleMembers[role].values();
}
/**
* @dev Overload {AccessControl-_grantRole} to track enumerable memberships
*/
function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
bool granted = super._grantRole(role, account);
if (granted) {
_roleMembers[role].add(account);
}
return granted;
}
/**
* @dev Overload {AccessControl-_revokeRole} to track enumerable memberships
*/
function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
bool revoked = super._revokeRole(role, account);
if (revoked) {
_roleMembers[role].remove(account);
}
return revoked;
}
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/access/extensions/IAccessControlEnumerable.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (access/extensions/IAccessControlEnumerable.sol)
pragma solidity >=0.8.4;
import {IAccessControl} from "../IAccessControl.sol";
/**
* @dev External interface of AccessControlEnumerable declared to support ERC-165 detection.
*/
interface IAccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControl {
/**
* @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
* value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
*
* Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
* change at any point.
*
* WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
* you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
* https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
* for more information.
*/
function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) external view returns (address);
/**
* @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
* together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
*/
function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) external view returns (uint256);
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/access/IAccessControl.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (access/IAccessControl.sol)
pragma solidity >=0.8.4;
/**
* @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC-165 detection.
*/
interface IAccessControl {
/**
* @dev The `account` is missing a role.
*/
error AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount(address account, bytes32 neededRole);
/**
* @dev The caller of a function is not the expected one.
*
* NOTE: Don't confuse with {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount}.
*/
error AccessControlBadConfirmation();
/**
* @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
*
* `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
* {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted to signal this.
*/
event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);
/**
* @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
*
* `sender` is the account that originated the contract call. This account bears the admin role (for the granted role).
* Expected in cases where the role was granted using the internal {AccessControl-_grantRole}.
*/
event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);
/**
* @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
*
* `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
* - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
* - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
*/
event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);
/**
* @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
*/
function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);
/**
* @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
* {revokeRole}.
*
* To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
*/
function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);
/**
* @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
*
* If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
* event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
*/
function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
/**
* @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
*
* If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
*/
function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;
/**
* @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
*
* Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
* purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
* if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
*
* If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
* event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - the caller must be `callerConfirmation`.
*/
function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address callerConfirmation) external;
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)
pragma solidity >=0.6.2;
import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";
/**
* @dev Required interface of an ERC-1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[ERC].
*/
interface IERC1155 is IERC165 {
/**
* @dev Emitted when `value` amount of tokens of type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
*/
event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);
/**
* @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
* transfers.
*/
event TransferBatch(
address indexed operator,
address indexed from,
address indexed to,
uint256[] ids,
uint256[] values
);
/**
* @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
* `approved`.
*/
event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);
/**
* @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
*
* If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
* returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
*/
event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);
/**
* @dev Returns the value of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.
*/
function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);
/**
* @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
*/
function balanceOfBatch(
address[] calldata accounts,
uint256[] calldata ids
) external view returns (uint256[] memory);
/**
* @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
*
* Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `operator` cannot be the zero address.
*/
function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;
/**
* @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.
*
* See {setApprovalForAll}.
*/
function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);
/**
* @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens of type `id` from `from` to `to`.
*
* WARNING: This function can potentially allow a reentrancy attack when transferring tokens
* to an untrusted contract, when invoking {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} on the receiver.
* Ensure to follow the checks-effects-interactions pattern and consider employing
* reentrancy guards when interacting with untrusted contracts.
*
* Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
* - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `value` amount.
* - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
* acceptance magic value.
*/
function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id, uint256 value, bytes calldata data) external;
/**
* @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
*
* WARNING: This function can potentially allow a reentrancy attack when transferring tokens
* to an untrusted contract, when invoking {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} on the receiver.
* Ensure to follow the checks-effects-interactions pattern and consider employing
* reentrancy guards when interacting with untrusted contracts.
*
* Emits either a {TransferSingle} or a {TransferBatch} event, depending on the length of the array arguments.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `ids` and `values` must have the same length.
* - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
* acceptance magic value.
*/
function safeBatchTransferFrom(
address from,
address to,
uint256[] calldata ids,
uint256[] calldata values,
bytes calldata data
) external;
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Enumerable.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Enumerable.sol)
pragma solidity >=0.6.2;
import {IERC721} from "../IERC721.sol";
/**
* @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional enumeration extension
* @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
*/
interface IERC721Enumerable is IERC721 {
/**
* @dev Returns the total amount of tokens stored by the contract.
*/
function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
/**
* @dev Returns a token ID owned by `owner` at a given `index` of its token list.
* Use along with {balanceOf} to enumerate all of ``owner``'s tokens.
*/
function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) external view returns (uint256);
/**
* @dev Returns a token ID at a given `index` of all the tokens stored by the contract.
* Use along with {totalSupply} to enumerate all tokens.
*/
function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) external view returns (uint256);
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/token/ERC721/IERC721.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)
pragma solidity >=0.6.2;
import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";
/**
* @dev Required interface of an ERC-721 compliant contract.
*/
interface IERC721 is IERC165 {
/**
* @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
*/
event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);
/**
* @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
*/
event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);
/**
* @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
*/
event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);
/**
* @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
*/
function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);
/**
* @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `tokenId` must exist.
*/
function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);
/**
* @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `from` cannot be the zero address.
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
* - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
* - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon
* a safe transfer.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) external;
/**
* @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
* are aware of the ERC-721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `from` cannot be the zero address.
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
* - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or
* {setApprovalForAll}.
* - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon
* a safe transfer.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;
/**
* @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
*
* WARNING: Note that the caller is responsible to confirm that the recipient is capable of receiving ERC-721
* or else they may be permanently lost. Usage of {safeTransferFrom} prevents loss, though the caller must
* understand this adds an external call which potentially creates a reentrancy vulnerability.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `from` cannot be the zero address.
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
* - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;
/**
* @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
* The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
*
* Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
* - `tokenId` must exist.
*
* Emits an {Approval} event.
*/
function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;
/**
* @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
* Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - The `operator` cannot be the address zero.
*
* Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
*/
function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;
/**
* @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `tokenId` must exist.
*/
function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);
/**
* @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
*
* See {setApprovalForAll}
*/
function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/utils/Arrays.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (utils/Arrays.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/Arrays.js.
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Comparators} from "./Comparators.sol";
import {SlotDerivation} from "./SlotDerivation.sol";
import {StorageSlot} from "./StorageSlot.sol";
import {Math} from "./math/Math.sol";
/**
* @dev Collection of functions related to array types.
*/
library Arrays {
using SlotDerivation for bytes32;
using StorageSlot for bytes32;
/**
* @dev Sort an array of uint256 (in memory) following the provided comparator function.
*
* This function does the sorting "in place", meaning that it overrides the input. The object is returned for
* convenience, but that returned value can be discarded safely if the caller has a memory pointer to the array.
*
* NOTE: this function's cost is `O(n · log(n))` in average and `O(n²)` in the worst case, with n the length of the
* array. Using it in view functions that are executed through `eth_call` is safe, but one should be very careful
* when executing this as part of a transaction. If the array being sorted is too large, the sort operation may
* consume more gas than is available in a block, leading to potential DoS.
*
* IMPORTANT: Consider memory side-effects when using custom comparator functions that access memory in an unsafe way.
*/
function sort(
uint256[] memory array,
function(uint256, uint256) pure returns (bool) comp
) internal pure returns (uint256[] memory) {
_quickSort(_begin(array), _end(array), comp);
return array;
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {sort} that sorts an array of uint256 in increasing order.
*/
function sort(uint256[] memory array) internal pure returns (uint256[] memory) {
sort(array, Comparators.lt);
return array;
}
/**
* @dev Sort an array of address (in memory) following the provided comparator function.
*
* This function does the sorting "in place", meaning that it overrides the input. The object is returned for
* convenience, but that returned value can be discarded safely if the caller has a memory pointer to the array.
*
* NOTE: this function's cost is `O(n · log(n))` in average and `O(n²)` in the worst case, with n the length of the
* array. Using it in view functions that are executed through `eth_call` is safe, but one should be very careful
* when executing this as part of a transaction. If the array being sorted is too large, the sort operation may
* consume more gas than is available in a block, leading to potential DoS.
*
* IMPORTANT: Consider memory side-effects when using custom comparator functions that access memory in an unsafe way.
*/
function sort(
address[] memory array,
function(address, address) pure returns (bool) comp
) internal pure returns (address[] memory) {
sort(_castToUint256Array(array), _castToUint256Comp(comp));
return array;
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {sort} that sorts an array of address in increasing order.
*/
function sort(address[] memory array) internal pure returns (address[] memory) {
sort(_castToUint256Array(array), Comparators.lt);
return array;
}
/**
* @dev Sort an array of bytes32 (in memory) following the provided comparator function.
*
* This function does the sorting "in place", meaning that it overrides the input. The object is returned for
* convenience, but that returned value can be discarded safely if the caller has a memory pointer to the array.
*
* NOTE: this function's cost is `O(n · log(n))` in average and `O(n²)` in the worst case, with n the length of the
* array. Using it in view functions that are executed through `eth_call` is safe, but one should be very careful
* when executing this as part of a transaction. If the array being sorted is too large, the sort operation may
* consume more gas than is available in a block, leading to potential DoS.
*
* IMPORTANT: Consider memory side-effects when using custom comparator functions that access memory in an unsafe way.
*/
function sort(
bytes32[] memory array,
function(bytes32, bytes32) pure returns (bool) comp
) internal pure returns (bytes32[] memory) {
sort(_castToUint256Array(array), _castToUint256Comp(comp));
return array;
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {sort} that sorts an array of bytes32 in increasing order.
*/
function sort(bytes32[] memory array) internal pure returns (bytes32[] memory) {
sort(_castToUint256Array(array), Comparators.lt);
return array;
}
/**
* @dev Performs a quick sort of a segment of memory. The segment sorted starts at `begin` (inclusive), and stops
* at end (exclusive). Sorting follows the `comp` comparator.
*
* Invariant: `begin <= end`. This is the case when initially called by {sort} and is preserved in subcalls.
*
* IMPORTANT: Memory locations between `begin` and `end` are not validated/zeroed. This function should
* be used only if the limits are within a memory array.
*/
function _quickSort(uint256 begin, uint256 end, function(uint256, uint256) pure returns (bool) comp) private pure {
unchecked {
if (end - begin < 0x40) return;
// Use first element as pivot
uint256 pivot = _mload(begin);
// Position where the pivot should be at the end of the loop
uint256 pos = begin;
for (uint256 it = begin + 0x20; it < end; it += 0x20) {
if (comp(_mload(it), pivot)) {
// If the value stored at the iterator's position comes before the pivot, we increment the
// position of the pivot and move the value there.
pos += 0x20;
_swap(pos, it);
}
}
_swap(begin, pos); // Swap pivot into place
_quickSort(begin, pos, comp); // Sort the left side of the pivot
_quickSort(pos + 0x20, end, comp); // Sort the right side of the pivot
}
}
/**
* @dev Pointer to the memory location of the first element of `array`.
*/
function _begin(uint256[] memory array) private pure returns (uint256 ptr) {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
ptr := add(array, 0x20)
}
}
/**
* @dev Pointer to the memory location of the first memory word (32bytes) after `array`. This is the memory word
* that comes just after the last element of the array.
*/
function _end(uint256[] memory array) private pure returns (uint256 ptr) {
unchecked {
return _begin(array) + array.length * 0x20;
}
}
/**
* @dev Load memory word (as a uint256) at location `ptr`.
*/
function _mload(uint256 ptr) private pure returns (uint256 value) {
assembly {
value := mload(ptr)
}
}
/**
* @dev Swaps the elements memory location `ptr1` and `ptr2`.
*/
function _swap(uint256 ptr1, uint256 ptr2) private pure {
assembly {
let value1 := mload(ptr1)
let value2 := mload(ptr2)
mstore(ptr1, value2)
mstore(ptr2, value1)
}
}
/// @dev Helper: low level cast address memory array to uint256 memory array
function _castToUint256Array(address[] memory input) private pure returns (uint256[] memory output) {
assembly {
output := input
}
}
/// @dev Helper: low level cast bytes32 memory array to uint256 memory array
function _castToUint256Array(bytes32[] memory input) private pure returns (uint256[] memory output) {
assembly {
output := input
}
}
/// @dev Helper: low level cast address comp function to uint256 comp function
function _castToUint256Comp(
function(address, address) pure returns (bool) input
) private pure returns (function(uint256, uint256) pure returns (bool) output) {
assembly {
output := input
}
}
/// @dev Helper: low level cast bytes32 comp function to uint256 comp function
function _castToUint256Comp(
function(bytes32, bytes32) pure returns (bool) input
) private pure returns (function(uint256, uint256) pure returns (bool) output) {
assembly {
output := input
}
}
/**
* @dev Searches a sorted `array` and returns the first index that contains
* a value greater or equal to `element`. If no such index exists (i.e. all
* values in the array are strictly less than `element`), the array length is
* returned. Time complexity O(log n).
*
* NOTE: The `array` is expected to be sorted in ascending order, and to
* contain no repeated elements.
*
* IMPORTANT: Deprecated. This implementation behaves as {lowerBound} but lacks
* support for repeated elements in the array. The {lowerBound} function should
* be used instead.
*/
function findUpperBound(uint256[] storage array, uint256 element) internal view returns (uint256) {
uint256 low = 0;
uint256 high = array.length;
if (high == 0) {
return 0;
}
while (low < high) {
uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
// Note that mid will always be strictly less than high (i.e. it will be a valid array index)
// because Math.average rounds towards zero (it does integer division with truncation).
if (unsafeAccess(array, mid).value > element) {
high = mid;
} else {
low = mid + 1;
}
}
// At this point `low` is the exclusive upper bound. We will return the inclusive upper bound.
if (low > 0 && unsafeAccess(array, low - 1).value == element) {
return low - 1;
} else {
return low;
}
}
/**
* @dev Searches an `array` sorted in ascending order and returns the first
* index that contains a value greater or equal than `element`. If no such index
* exists (i.e. all values in the array are strictly less than `element`), the array
* length is returned. Time complexity O(log n).
*
* See C++'s https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/lower_bound[lower_bound].
*/
function lowerBound(uint256[] storage array, uint256 element) internal view returns (uint256) {
uint256 low = 0;
uint256 high = array.length;
if (high == 0) {
return 0;
}
while (low < high) {
uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
// Note that mid will always be strictly less than high (i.e. it will be a valid array index)
// because Math.average rounds towards zero (it does integer division with truncation).
if (unsafeAccess(array, mid).value < element) {
// this cannot overflow because mid < high
unchecked {
low = mid + 1;
}
} else {
high = mid;
}
}
return low;
}
/**
* @dev Searches an `array` sorted in ascending order and returns the first
* index that contains a value strictly greater than `element`. If no such index
* exists (i.e. all values in the array are strictly less than `element`), the array
* length is returned. Time complexity O(log n).
*
* See C++'s https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/upper_bound[upper_bound].
*/
function upperBound(uint256[] storage array, uint256 element) internal view returns (uint256) {
uint256 low = 0;
uint256 high = array.length;
if (high == 0) {
return 0;
}
while (low < high) {
uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
// Note that mid will always be strictly less than high (i.e. it will be a valid array index)
// because Math.average rounds towards zero (it does integer division with truncation).
if (unsafeAccess(array, mid).value > element) {
high = mid;
} else {
// this cannot overflow because mid < high
unchecked {
low = mid + 1;
}
}
}
return low;
}
/**
* @dev Same as {lowerBound}, but with an array in memory.
*/
function lowerBoundMemory(uint256[] memory array, uint256 element) internal pure returns (uint256) {
uint256 low = 0;
uint256 high = array.length;
if (high == 0) {
return 0;
}
while (low < high) {
uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
// Note that mid will always be strictly less than high (i.e. it will be a valid array index)
// because Math.average rounds towards zero (it does integer division with truncation).
if (unsafeMemoryAccess(array, mid) < element) {
// this cannot overflow because mid < high
unchecked {
low = mid + 1;
}
} else {
high = mid;
}
}
return low;
}
/**
* @dev Same as {upperBound}, but with an array in memory.
*/
function upperBoundMemory(uint256[] memory array, uint256 element) internal pure returns (uint256) {
uint256 low = 0;
uint256 high = array.length;
if (high == 0) {
return 0;
}
while (low < high) {
uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
// Note that mid will always be strictly less than high (i.e. it will be a valid array index)
// because Math.average rounds towards zero (it does integer division with truncation).
if (unsafeMemoryAccess(array, mid) > element) {
high = mid;
} else {
// this cannot overflow because mid < high
unchecked {
low = mid + 1;
}
}
}
return low;
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeAccess(address[] storage arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (StorageSlot.AddressSlot storage) {
bytes32 slot;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
slot := arr.slot
}
return slot.deriveArray().offset(pos).getAddressSlot();
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeAccess(bytes32[] storage arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (StorageSlot.Bytes32Slot storage) {
bytes32 slot;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
slot := arr.slot
}
return slot.deriveArray().offset(pos).getBytes32Slot();
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeAccess(uint256[] storage arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (StorageSlot.Uint256Slot storage) {
bytes32 slot;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
slot := arr.slot
}
return slot.deriveArray().offset(pos).getUint256Slot();
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeAccess(bytes[] storage arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (StorageSlot.BytesSlot storage) {
bytes32 slot;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
slot := arr.slot
}
return slot.deriveArray().offset(pos).getBytesSlot();
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeAccess(string[] storage arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (StorageSlot.StringSlot storage) {
bytes32 slot;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
slot := arr.slot
}
return slot.deriveArray().offset(pos).getStringSlot();
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeMemoryAccess(address[] memory arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (address res) {
assembly {
res := mload(add(add(arr, 0x20), mul(pos, 0x20)))
}
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeMemoryAccess(bytes32[] memory arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (bytes32 res) {
assembly {
res := mload(add(add(arr, 0x20), mul(pos, 0x20)))
}
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeMemoryAccess(uint256[] memory arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (uint256 res) {
assembly {
res := mload(add(add(arr, 0x20), mul(pos, 0x20)))
}
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeMemoryAccess(bytes[] memory arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (bytes memory res) {
assembly {
res := mload(add(add(arr, 0x20), mul(pos, 0x20)))
}
}
/**
* @dev Access an array in an "unsafe" way. Skips solidity "index-out-of-range" check.
*
* WARNING: Only use if you are certain `pos` is lower than the array length.
*/
function unsafeMemoryAccess(string[] memory arr, uint256 pos) internal pure returns (string memory res) {
assembly {
res := mload(add(add(arr, 0x20), mul(pos, 0x20)))
}
}
/**
* @dev Helper to set the length of a dynamic array. Directly writing to `.length` is forbidden.
*
* WARNING: this does not clear elements if length is reduced, of initialize elements if length is increased.
*/
function unsafeSetLength(address[] storage array, uint256 len) internal {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
sstore(array.slot, len)
}
}
/**
* @dev Helper to set the length of a dynamic array. Directly writing to `.length` is forbidden.
*
* WARNING: this does not clear elements if length is reduced, of initialize elements if length is increased.
*/
function unsafeSetLength(bytes32[] storage array, uint256 len) internal {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
sstore(array.slot, len)
}
}
/**
* @dev Helper to set the length of a dynamic array. Directly writing to `.length` is forbidden.
*
* WARNING: this does not clear elements if length is reduced, of initialize elements if length is increased.
*/
function unsafeSetLength(uint256[] storage array, uint256 len) internal {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
sstore(array.slot, len)
}
}
/**
* @dev Helper to set the length of a dynamic array. Directly writing to `.length` is forbidden.
*
* WARNING: this does not clear elements if length is reduced, of initialize elements if length is increased.
*/
function unsafeSetLength(bytes[] storage array, uint256 len) internal {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
sstore(array.slot, len)
}
}
/**
* @dev Helper to set the length of a dynamic array. Directly writing to `.length` is forbidden.
*
* WARNING: this does not clear elements if length is reduced, of initialize elements if length is increased.
*/
function unsafeSetLength(string[] storage array, uint256 len) internal {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
sstore(array.slot, len)
}
}
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/utils/Comparators.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/Comparators.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
* @dev Provides a set of functions to compare values.
*
* _Available since v5.1._
*/
library Comparators {
function lt(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool) {
return a < b;
}
function gt(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool) {
return a > b;
}
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/utils/Context.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
* @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
* sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
* via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
* manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
* paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
* is concerned).
*
* This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
*/
abstract contract Context {
function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
return msg.sender;
}
function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
return msg.data;
}
function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
return 0;
}
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";
/**
* @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
*
* Contracts that want to implement ERC-165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
* for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
*
* ```solidity
* function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
* return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
* }
* ```
*/
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
/// @inheritdoc IERC165
function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual returns (bool) {
return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
}
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)
pragma solidity >=0.4.16;
/**
* @dev Interface of the ERC-165 standard, as defined in the
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[ERC].
*
* Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
* queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
*
* For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
*/
interface IERC165 {
/**
* @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
* `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[ERC section]
* to learn more about how these ids are created.
*
* This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
*/
function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}
"
},
"npm/@openzeppelin/contracts@5.4.0/utils/math/Math.sol": {
"content": "// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.3.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Panic} from "../Panic.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "./SafeCast.sol";
/**
* @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
*/
library Math {
enum Rounding {
Floor, // Toward negative infinity
Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
Trunc, // Toward zero
Expand // Away from zero
}
/**
* @dev Return the 512-bit addition of two uint256.
*
* The result is stored in two 256 variables such that sum = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.
*/
function add512(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 high, uint256 low) {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
low := add(a, b)
high := lt(low, a)
}
}
/**
* @dev Return the 512-bit multiplication of two uint256.
*
* The result is stored in two 256 variables such that product = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.
*/
function mul512(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 high, uint256 low) {
// 512-bit multiply [high low] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2²⁵⁶ and mod 2²⁵⁶ - 1, then use
// the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
// variables such that product = high * 2²⁵⁶ + low.
assembly ("memory-safe") {
let mm := mulmod(a, b, not(0))
low := mul(a, b)
high := sub(sub(mm, low), lt(mm, low))
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).
*/
function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
uint256 c = a + b;
success = c >= a;
result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).
*/
function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
uint256 c = a - b;
success = c <= a;
result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no overflow).
*/
function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
uint256 c = a * b;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
// Only true when the multiplication doesn't overflow
// (c / a == b) || (a == 0)
success := or(eq(div(c, a), b), iszero(a))
}
// equivalent to: success ? c : 0
result = c * SafeCast.toUint(success);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).
*/
function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
success = b > 0;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
// The `DIV` opcode returns zero when the denominator is 0.
result := div(a, b)
}
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).
*/
function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
success = b > 0;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
// The `MOD` opcode returns zero when the denominator is 0.
result := mod(a, b)
}
}
}
/**
* @dev Unsigned saturating addition, bounds to `2²⁵⁶ - 1` instead of overflowing.
*/
function saturatingAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
(bool success, uint256 result) = tryAdd(a, b);
return ternary(success, result, type(uint256).max);
}
/**
* @dev Unsigned saturating subtraction, bounds to zero instead of overflowing.
*/
function saturatingSub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
(, uint256 result) = trySub(a, b);
return result;
}
/**
* @dev Unsigned saturating multiplication, bounds to `2²⁵⁶ - 1` instead of overflowing.
*/
function saturatingMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
(bool success, uint256 result) = tryMul(a, b);
return ternary(success, result, type(uint256).max);
}
/**
* @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.
*
* IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.
* However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute
* one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.
*/
function ternary(bool condition, uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
// branchless ternary works because:
// b ^ (a ^ b) == a
// b ^ 0 == b
return b ^ ((a ^ b) * SafeCast.toUint(condition));
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
*/
function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return ternary(a > b, a, b);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
*/
function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return ternary(a < b, a, b);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
* zero.
*/
function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
// (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
}
/**
* @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
*
* This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
* of rounding towards zero.
*/
function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
if (b == 0) {
// Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
}
// The following calculation ensures accurate ceiling division without overflow.
// Since a is non-zero, (a - 1) / b will not overflow.
// The largest possible result occurs when (a - 1) / b is type(uint256).max,
// but the largest value we can obtain is type(uint256).max - 1, which happens
// when a = type(uint256).max and b = 1.
unchecked {
return SafeCast.toUint(a > 0) * ((a - 1) / b + 1);
}
}
/**
* @dev Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
* denominator == 0.
*
* Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
* Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
*/
function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
unchecked {
(uint256 high, uint256 low) = mul512(x, y);
// Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
if (high == 0) {
// Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
// The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
// See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
return low / denominator;
}
// Make sure the result is less than 2²⁵⁶. Also prevents denominator == 0.
if (denominator <= high) {
Panic.panic(ternary(denominator == 0, Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO, Panic.UNDER_OVERFLOW));
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// 512 by 256 division.
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [high low].
uint256 remainder;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
// Compute remainder using mulmod.
remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)
// Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
high := sub(high, gt(remainder, low))
low := sub(low, remainder)
}
// Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
// Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.
uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
assembly ("memory-safe") {
// Divide denominator by twos.
denominator := div(denominator, twos)
// Divide [high low] by twos.
low := div(low, twos)
// Flip twos such that it is 2²⁵⁶ / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
}
// Shift in bits from high into low.
low |= high * twos;
// Invert denominator mod 2²⁵⁶. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2²⁵⁶ such
// that denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2²⁵⁶. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
// four bits. That is, denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2⁴.
uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;
// Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
// works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁸
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹⁶
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2³²
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁶⁴
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹²⁸
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2²⁵⁶
// Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
// This will give us the correct result modulo 2²⁵⁶. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
// less than 2²⁵⁶, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and high
// is no longer required.
result = low * inverse;
return result;
}
}
/**
* @dev Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
*/
function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return mulDiv(x, y, denominator) + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0);
}
/**
* @dev Calculates floor(x * y >> n) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256.
*/
function mulShr(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint8 n) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
unchecked {
(uint256 high, uint256 low) = mul512(x, y);
if (high >= 1 << n) {
Panic.panic(Panic.UNDER_OVERFLOW);
}
return (high << (256 - n)) | (low >> n);
}
}
/**
* @dev Calculates x * y >> n wiSubmitted on: 2025-10-15 20:04:45
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