KOALA

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.4.16;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-20 standard as defined in the ERC.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.6.2;


/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC-20 standard.
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol)
pragma solidity >=0.8.4;

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC-20 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-20 tokens.
 */
interface IERC20Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender`’s `allowance`. Used in transfers.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param allowance Amount of tokens a `spender` is allowed to operate with.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSpender(address spender);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC-721 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-721 tokens.
 */
interface IERC721Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that an address can't be an owner. For example, `address(0)` is a forbidden owner in ERC-20.
     * Used in balance queries.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOwner(address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a `tokenId` whose `owner` is the zero address.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721NonexistentToken(uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the ownership over a particular token. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721IncorrectOwner(address sender, uint256 tokenId, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InsufficientApproval(address operator, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOperator(address operator);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC-1155 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-1155 tokens.
 */
interface IERC1155Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(address operator, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidOperator(address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an array length mismatch between ids and values in a safeBatchTransferFrom operation.
     * Used in batch transfers.
     * @param idsLength Length of the array of token identifiers
     * @param valuesLength Length of the array of token amounts
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(uint256 idsLength, uint256 valuesLength);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;





/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To change this, you should override
 * this function so it returns a different value.
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC-20
 * applications.
 */
abstract contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata, IERC20Errors {
    mapping(address account => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address account => mapping(address spender => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * Both values are immutable: they can only be set once during construction.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the default value returned by this function, unless
     * it's overridden.
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IERC20
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IERC20
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `value`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /// @inheritdoc IERC20
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `value` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Skips emitting an {Approval} event indicating an allowance update. This is not
     * required by the ERC. See {xref-ERC20-_approve-address-address-uint256-bool-}[_approve].
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `value`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `value`.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, value);
        _transfer(from, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if `from`
     * (or `to`) is the zero address. All customizations to transfers, mints, and burns should be done by overriding
     * this function.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupply never overflows
            _totalSupply += value;
        } else {
            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
            if (fromBalance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientBalance(from, fromBalance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _balances[from] = fromBalance - value;
            }
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= totalSupply or value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _totalSupply -= value;
            }
        } else {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: balance + value is at most totalSupply, which we know fits into a uint256.
                _balances[to] += value;
            }
        }

        emit Transfer(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a `value` amount of tokens and assigns them to `account`, by transferring it from address(0).
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(address(0), account, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, lowering the total supply.
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        _update(account, address(0), value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner`'s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        _approve(owner, spender, value, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {_approve} with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event.
     *
     * By default (when calling {_approve}) the flag is set to true. On the other hand, approval changes made by
     * `_spendAllowance` during the `transferFrom` operation set the flag to false. This saves gas by not emitting any
     * `Approval` event during `transferFrom` operations.
     *
     * Anyone who wishes to continue emitting `Approval` events on the`transferFrom` operation can force the flag to
     * true using the following override:
     *
     * ```solidity
     * function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool) internal virtual override {
     *     super._approve(owner, spender, value, true);
     * }
     * ```
     *
     * Requirements are the same as {_approve}.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {
        if (owner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidApprover(address(0));
        }
        if (spender == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSpender(address(0));
        }
        _allowances[owner][spender] = value;
        if (emitEvent) {
            emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner`'s allowance for `spender` based on spent `value`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance value in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Does not emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance < type(uint256).max) {
            if (currentAllowance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - value, false);
            }
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.4.16;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[ERC].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[ERC section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;


/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC-165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /// @inheritdoc IERC165
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC20.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.4.16;


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC165.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.4.16;


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC1363.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/IERC1363.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.6.2;



/**
 * @title IERC1363
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-1363 standard as defined in the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1363[ERC-1363].
 *
 * Defines an extension interface for ERC-20 tokens that supports executing code on a recipient contract
 * after `transfer` or `transferFrom`, or code on a spender contract after `approve`, in a single transaction.
 */
interface IERC1363 is IERC20, IERC165 {
    /*
     * Note: the ERC-165 identifier for this interface is 0xb0202a11.
     * 0xb0202a11 ===
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferAndCall(address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferAndCall(address,uint256,bytes)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferFromAndCall(address,address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferFromAndCall(address,address,uint256,bytes)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('approveAndCall(address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('approveAndCall(address,uint256,bytes)'))
     */

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`
     * and then calls {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} on `to`.
     * @param to The address which you want to transfer to.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be transferred.
     * @return A boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded unless throwing.
     */
    function transferAndCall(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`
     * and then calls {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} on `to`.
     * @param to The address which you want to transfer to.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be transferred.
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `to`.
     * @return A boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded unless throwing.
     */
    function transferAndCall(address to, uint256 value, bytes calldata data) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the allowance mechanism
     * and then calls {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} on `to`.
     * @param from The address which you want to send tokens from.
     * @param to The address which you want to transfer to.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be transferred.
     * @return A boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded unless throwing.
     */
    function transferFromAndCall(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the allowance mechanism
     * and then calls {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} on `to`.
     * @param from The address which you want to send tokens from.
     * @param to The address which you want to transfer to.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be transferred.
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `to`.
     * @return A boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded unless throwing.
     */
    function transferFromAndCall(address from, address to, uint256 value, bytes calldata data) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens and then calls {IERC1363Spender-onApprovalReceived} on `spender`.
     * @param spender The address which will spend the funds.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be spent.
     * @return A boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded unless throwing.
     */
    function approveAndCall(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens and then calls {IERC1363Spender-onApprovalReceived} on `spender`.
     * @param spender The address which will spend the funds.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be spent.
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `spender`.
     * @return A boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded unless throwing.
     */
    function approveAndCall(address spender, uint256 value, bytes calldata data) external returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC1363Receiver.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/IERC1363Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.5.0;

/**
 * @title IERC1363Receiver
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support `transferAndCall` or `transferFromAndCall`
 * from ERC-1363 token contracts.
 */
interface IERC1363Receiver {
    /**
     * @dev Whenever ERC-1363 tokens are transferred to this contract via `transferAndCall` or `transferFromAndCall`
     * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onTransferReceived(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0x88a7ca5c, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which called `transferAndCall` or `transferFromAndCall` function.
     * @param from The address which the tokens are transferred from.
     * @param value The amount of tokens transferred.
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format.
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onTransferReceived(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed unless throwing.
     */
    function onTransferReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC1363Spender.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/IERC1363Spender.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.5.0;

/**
 * @title IERC1363Spender
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support `approveAndCall`
 * from ERC-1363 token contracts.
 */
interface IERC1363Spender {
    /**
     * @dev Whenever an ERC-1363 token `owner` approves this contract via `approveAndCall`
     * to spend their tokens, this function is called.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the approval, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onApprovalReceived(address,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0x7b04a2d0, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param owner The address which called `approveAndCall` function and previously owned the tokens.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be spent.
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format.
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onApprovalReceived(address,uint256,bytes)"))` if approval is allowed unless throwing.
     */
    function onApprovalReceived(address owner, uint256 value, bytes calldata data) external returns (bytes4);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/ERC1363Utils.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/utils/ERC1363Utils.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;



/**
 * @dev Library that provides common ERC-1363 utility functions.
 *
 * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1363[ERC-1363].
 */
library ERC1363Utils {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1363InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `spender`. Used in approvals.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC1363InvalidSpender(address spender);

    /**
     * @dev Performs a call to {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} on a target address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The target has code (i.e. is a contract).
     * - The target `to` must implement the {IERC1363Receiver} interface.
     * - The target must return the {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} selector to accept the transfer.
     */
    function checkOnERC1363TransferReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal {
        if (to.code.length == 0) {
            revert ERC1363InvalidReceiver(to);
        }

        try IERC1363Receiver(to).onTransferReceived(operator, from, value, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
            if (retval != IERC1363Receiver.onTransferReceived.selector) {
                revert ERC1363InvalidReceiver(to);
            }
        } catch (bytes memory reason) {
            if (reason.length == 0) {
                revert ERC1363InvalidReceiver(to);
            } else {
                assembly ("memory-safe") {
                    revert(add(reason, 0x20), mload(reason))
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a call to {IERC1363Spender-onApprovalReceived} on a target address.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The target has code (i.e. is a contract).
     * - The target `spender` must implement the {IERC1363Spender} interface.
     * - The target must return the {IERC1363Spender-onApprovalReceived} selector to accept the approval.
     */
    function checkOnERC1363ApprovalReceived(
        address operator,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal {
        if (spender.code.length == 0) {
            revert ERC1363InvalidSpender(spender);
        }

        try IERC1363Spender(spender).onApprovalReceived(operator, value, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
            if (retval != IERC1363Spender.onApprovalReceived.selector) {
                revert ERC1363InvalidSpender(spender);
            }
        } catch (bytes memory reason) {
            if (reason.length == 0) {
                revert ERC1363InvalidSpender(spender);
            } else {
                assembly ("memory-safe") {
                    revert(add(reason, 0x20), mload(reason))
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC1363.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC1363.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;





/**
 * @title ERC1363
 * @dev Extension of {ERC20} tokens that adds support for code execution after transfers and approvals
 * on recipient contracts. Calls after transfers are enabled through the {ERC1363-transferAndCall} and
 * {ERC1363-transferFromAndCall} methods while calls after approvals can be made with {ERC1363-approveAndCall}
 *
 * _Available since v5.1._
 */
abstract contract ERC1363 is ERC20, ERC165, IERC1363 {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure within the {transfer} part of a transferAndCall operation.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     * @param value Amount of tokens to be transferred.
     */
    error ERC1363TransferFailed(address receiver, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure within the {transferFrom} part of a transferFromAndCall operation.
     * @param sender Address from which to send tokens.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     * @param value Amount of tokens to be transferred.
     */
    error ERC1363TransferFromFailed(address sender, address receiver, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure within the {approve} part of a approveAndCall operation.
     * @param spender Address which will spend the funds.
     * @param value Amount of tokens to be spent.
     */
    error ERC1363ApproveFailed(address spender, uint256 value);

    /// @inheritdoc IERC165
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC1363).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`
     * and then calls {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} on `to`. Returns a flag that indicates
     * if the call succeeded.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The target has code (i.e. is a contract).
     * - The target `to` must implement the {IERC1363Receiver} interface.
     * - The target must return the {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} selector to accept the transfer.
     * - The internal {transfer} must succeed (returned `true`).
     */
    function transferAndCall(address to, uint256 value) public returns (bool) {
        return transferAndCall(to, value, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {transferAndCall} that accepts an additional `data` parameter with
     * no specified format.
     */
    function transferAndCall(address to, uint256 value, bytes memory data) public virtual returns (bool) {
        if (!transfer(to, value)) {
            revert ERC1363TransferFailed(to, value);
        }
        ERC1363Utils.checkOnERC1363TransferReceived(_msgSender(), _msgSender(), to, value, data);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the allowance mechanism
     * and then calls {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} on `to`. Returns a flag that indicates
     * if the call succeeded.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The target has code (i.e. is a contract).
     * - The target `to` must implement the {IERC1363Receiver} interface.
     * - The target must return the {IERC1363Receiver-onTransferReceived} selector to accept the transfer.
     * - The internal {transferFrom} must succeed (returned `true`).
     */
    function transferFromAndCall(address from, address to, uint256 value) public returns (bool) {
        return transferFromAndCall(from, to, value, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {transferFromAndCall} that accepts an additional `data` parameter with
     * no specified format.
     */
    function transferFromAndCall(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual returns (bool) {
        if (!transferFrom(from, to, value)) {
            revert ERC1363TransferFromFailed(from, to, value);
        }
        ERC1363Utils.checkOnERC1363TransferReceived(_msgSender(), from, to, value, data);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens and then calls {IERC1363Spender-onApprovalReceived} on `spender`.
     * Returns a flag that indicates if the call succeeded.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The target has code (i.e. is a contract).
     * - The target `spender` must implement the {IERC1363Spender} interface.
     * - The target must return the {IERC1363Spender-onApprovalReceived} selector to accept the approval.
     * - The internal {approve} must succeed (returned `true`).
     */
    function approveAndCall(address spender, uint256 value) public returns (bool) {
        return approveAndCall(spender, value, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {approveAndCall} that accepts an additional `data` parameter with
     * no specified format.
     */
    function approveAndCall(address spender, uint256 value, bytes memory data) public virtual returns (bool) {
        if (!approve(spender, value)) {
            revert ERC1363ApproveFailed(spender, value);
        }
        ERC1363Utils.checkOnERC1363ApprovalReceived(_msgSender(), spender, value, data);
        return true;
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-community-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Blocklist.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.20;


/**
 * @dev Extension of {ERC20} that allows to implement a blocklist
 * mechanism that can be managed by an authorized account with the
 * {_blockUser} and {_unblockUser} functions.
 *
 * The blocklist provides the guarantee to the contract owner
 * (e.g. a DAO or a well-configured multisig) that any account won't be
 * able to execute transfers or approvals to other entities to operate
 * on its behalf if {_blockUser} was not called with such account as an
 * argument. Similarly, the account will be unblocked again if
 * {_unblockUser} is called.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: Deprecated. Use {ERC20Restricted} instead.
 */
abstract contract ERC20Blocklist is ERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Blocked status of addresses. True if blocked, False otherwise.
     */
    mapping(address user => bool) private _blocked;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a user is blocked.
     */
    event UserBlocked(address indexed user);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a user is unblocked.
     */
    event UserUnblocked(address indexed user);

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the user is blocked.
     */
    error ERC20Blocked(address user);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the blocked status of an account.
     */
    function blocked(address account) public virtual returns (bool) {
        return _blocked[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Blocks a user from receiving and transferring tokens, including minting and burning.
     */
    function _blockUser(address user) internal virtual returns (bool) {
        bool isBlocked = blocked(user);
        if (!isBlocked) {
            _blocked[user] = true;
            emit UserBlocked(user);
        }
        return isBlocked;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Unblocks a user from receiving and transferring tokens, including minting and burning.
     */
    function _unblockUser(address user) internal virtual returns (bool) {
        bool isBlocked = blocked(user);
        if (isBlocked) {
            _blocked[user] = false;
            emit UserUnblocked(user);
        }
        return isBlocked;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {ERC20-_update}.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual override {
        if (blocked(from)) revert ERC20Blocked(from);
        if (blocked(to)) revert ERC20Blocked(to);
        super._update(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {ERC20-_approve}.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool emitEvent) internal virtual override {
        if (blocked(owner)) revert ERC20Blocked(owner);
        super._approve(owner, spender, value, emitEvent);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;



/**
 * @dev Extension of {ERC20} that allows token holders to destroy both their own
 * tokens and those that they have an allowance for, in a way that can be
 * recognized off-chain (via event analysis).
 */
abstract contract ERC20Burnable is Context, ERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from the caller.
     *
     * See {ERC20-_burn}.
     */
    function burn(uint256 value) public virtual {
        _burn(_msgSender(), value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, deducting from
     * the caller's allowance.
     *
     * See {ERC20-_burn} and {ERC20-allowance}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``accounts``'s tokens of at least
     * `value`.
     */
    function burnFrom(address account, uint256 value) public virtual {
        _spendAllowance(account, _msgSender(), value);
        _burn(account, value);
    }
}

// File: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-community-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Custodian.sol



pragma solidity ^0.8.20;


/**
 * @dev Extension of {ERC20} that allows to implement a custodian
 * mechanism that can be managed by an authorized account with the
 * {freeze} function.
 *
 * This mechanism allows a custodian (e.g. a DAO or a
 * well-configured multisig) to freeze and unfreeze the balance
 * of a user.
 *
 * The frozen balance is not available for transfers or approvals
 * to other entities to operate on its behalf if. The frozen balance
 * can be reduced by calling {freeze} again with a lower amount.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: Deprecated. Use {ERC20Freezable} instead.
 */
abstract contract ERC20Custodian is ERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev The amount of tokens frozen by user address.
     */
    mapping(address user => uint256 amount) private _frozen;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when tokens are frozen for a user.
     * @param user The address of the user whose tokens were frozen.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens that were frozen.
     */
    event TokensFrozen(address indexed user, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when tokens are unfrozen for a user.
     * @param user The address of the user whose tokens were unfrozen.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens that were unfrozen.
     */
    event TokensUnfrozen(address indexed user, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the user has insufficient unfrozen balance.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientUnfrozenBalance(address user);

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the user has insufficient frozen balance.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientFrozenBalance(address user);

    /**
     * @dev Error thrown when a non-custodian account attempts to perform a custodian-only operation.
     */
    error ERC20NotCustodian();

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to restrict access to custodian accounts only.
     */
    modifier onlyCustodian() {
        if (!_isCustodian(_msgSender())) revert ERC20NotCustodian();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens frozen for a user.
     */
    function frozen(address user) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _frozen[user];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Adjusts the amount of tokens frozen for a user.
     * @param user The address of the user whose tokens to freeze.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens frozen.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The user must have sufficient unfrozen balance.
     */
    function freeze(address user, uint256 amount) external virtual onlyCustodian {
        if (availableBalance(user) < amount) revert ERC20InsufficientUnfrozenBalance(user);
        _frozen[user] = amount;
        emit TokensFrozen(user, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the available (unfrozen) balance of an account.
     * @param account The address to query the available balance of.
     * @return available The amount of tokens available for transfer.
     */
    function availableBalance(address account) public view returns (uint256 available) {
        available = balanceOf(account) - frozen(account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks if the user is a custodian.
     * @param user The address of the user to check.
     * @return True if the user is authorized, false otherwise.
     */
    function _isCustodian(address user) internal view virtual returns (bool);

    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual override {
        if (from != address(0) && availableBalance(from) < value) revert ERC20InsufficientUnfrozenBalance(from);
        super._update(from, to, value);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC3156FlashBorrower.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/IERC3156FlashBorrower.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.5.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-3156 FlashBorrower, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3156[ERC-3156].
 */
interface IERC3156FlashBorrower {
    /**
     * @dev Receive a flash loan.
     * @param initiator The initiator of the loan.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @param fee The additional amount of tokens to repay.
     * @param data Arbitrary data structure, intended to contain user-defined parameters.
     * @return The keccak256 hash of "ERC3156FlashBorrower.onFlashLoan"
     */
    function onFlashLoan(
        address initiator,
        address token,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 fee,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes32);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/interfaces/IERC3156FlashLender.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (interfaces/IERC3156FlashLender.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.5.0;


/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-3156 FlashLender, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3156[ERC-3156].
 */
interface IERC3156FlashLender {
    /**
     * @dev The amount of currency available to be lended.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @return The amount of `token` that can be borrowed.
     */
    function maxFlashLoan(address token) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev The fee to be charged for a given loan.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @return The amount of `token` to be charged for the loan, on top of the returned principal.
     */
    function flashFee(address token, uint256 amount) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Initiate a flash loan.
     * @param receiver The receiver of the tokens in the loan, and the receiver of the callback.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @param data Arbitrary data structure, intended to contain user-defined parameters.
     */
    function flashLoan(
        IERC3156FlashBorrower receiver,
        address token,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bool);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20FlashMint.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20FlashMint.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;




/**
 * @dev Implementation of the ERC-3156 Flash loans extension, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3156[ERC-3156].
 *
 * Adds the {flashLoan} method, which provides flash loan support at the token
 * level. By default there is no fee, but this can be changed by overriding {flashFee}.
 *
 * NOTE: When this extension is used along with the {ERC20Capped} or {ERC20Votes} extensions,
 * {maxFlashLoan} will not correctly reflect the maximum that can be flash minted. We recommend
 * overriding {maxFlashLoan} so that it correctly reflects the supply cap.
 */
abstract contract ERC20FlashMint is ERC20, IERC3156FlashLender {
    bytes32 private constant RETURN_VALUE = keccak256("ERC3156FlashBorrower.onFlashLoan");

    /**
     * @dev The loan token is not valid.
     */
    error ERC3156UnsupportedToken(address token);

    /**
     * @dev The requested loan exceeds the max loan value for `token`.
     */
    error ERC3156ExceededMaxLoan(uint256 maxLoan);

    /**
     * @dev The receiver of a flashloan is not a valid {IERC3156FlashBorrower-onFlashLoan} implementer.
     */
    error ERC3156InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of tokens available for loan.
     * @param token The address of the token that is requested.
     * @return The amount of token that can be loaned.
     *
     * NOTE: This function does not consider any form of supply cap, so in case
     * it's used in a token with a cap like {ERC20Capped}, make sure to override this
     * function to integrate the cap instead of `type(uint256).max`.
     */
    function maxFlashLoan(address token) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return token == address(this) ? type(uint256).max - totalSupply() : 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the fee applied when doing flash loans. This function calls
     * the {_flashFee} function which returns the fee applied when doing flash
     * loans.
     * @param token The token to be flash loaned.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be loaned.
     * @return The fees applied to the corresponding flash loan.
     */
    function flashFee(address token, uint256 value) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        if (token != address(this)) {
            revert ERC3156UnsupportedToken(token);
        }
        return _flashFee(token, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the fee applied when doing flash loans. By default this
     * implementation has 0 fees. This function can be overloaded to make
     * the flash loan mechanism deflationary.
     * @param token The token to be flash loaned.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be loaned.
     * @return The fees applied to the corresponding flash loan.
     */
    function _flashFee(address token, uint256 value) internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        // silence warning about unused variable without the addition of bytecode.
        token;
        value;
        return 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the receiver address of the flash fee. By default this
     * implementation returns the address(0) which means the fee amount will be burnt.
     * This function can be overloaded to change the fee receiver.
     * @return The address for which the flash fee will be sent to.
     */
    function _flashFeeReceiver() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a flash loan. New tokens are minted and sent to the
     * `receiver`, who is required to implement the {IERC3156FlashBorrower}
     * interface. By the end of the flash loan, the receiver is expected to own
     * value + fee tokens and have them approved back to the token contract itself so
     * they can be burned.
     * @param receiver The receiver of the flash loan. Should implement the
     * {IERC3156FlashBorrower-onFlashLoan} interface.
     * @param token The token to be flash loaned. Only `address(this)` is
     * supported.
     * @param value The amount of tokens to be loaned.
     * @param data An arbitrary datafield that is passed to the receiver.
     * @return `true` if the flash loan was successful.
     */
    // This function can reenter, but it doesn't pose a risk because it always preserves the property that the amount
    // minted at the beginning is always recovered and burned at the end, or else the entire function will revert.
    // slither-disable-next-line reentrancy-no-eth
    function flashLoan(
        IERC3156FlashBorrower receiver,
        address token,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) public virtual returns (bool) {
        uint256 maxLoan = maxFlashLoan(token);
        if (value > maxLoan) {
            revert ERC3156ExceededMaxLoan(maxLoan);
        }
        uint256 fee = flashFee(token, value);
        _mint(address(receiver), value);
        if (receiver.onFlashLoan(_msgSender(), token, value, fee, data) != RETURN_VALUE) {
            revert ERC3156InvalidReceiver(address(receiver));
        }
        address flashFeeReceiver = _flashFeeReceiver();
        _spendAllowance(address(receiver), address(this), value + fee);
        if (fee == 0 || flashFeeReceiver == address(0)) {
            _burn(address(receiver), value + fee);
        } else {
            _burn(address(receiver), value);
            _transfer(address(receiver), flashFeeReceiver, fee);
        }
        return true;
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Pausable.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.3.0) (utils/Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;


/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract Pausable is Context {
    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the contract is paused.
     */
    error EnforcedPause();

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the contract is not paused.
     */
    error ExpectedPause();

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        _requireNotPaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        _requirePaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is paused.
     */
    function _requireNotPaused() internal view virtual {
        if (paused()) {
            revert EnforcedPause();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is not paused.
     */
    function _requirePaused() internal view virtual {
        if (!paused()) {
            revert ExpectedPause();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Pausable.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;



/**
 * @dev ERC-20 token with pausable token transfers, minting and burning.
 *
 * Useful for scenarios such as preventing trades until the end of an evaluation
 * period, or having an emergency switch for freezing all token transfers in the
 * event of a large bug.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: This contract does not include public pause and unpause functions. In
 * addition to inheriting this contract, you must define both functions, invoking the
 * {Pausable-_pause} and {Pausable-_unpause} internal functions, with appropriate
 * access control, e.g. using {AccessControl} or {Ownable}. Not doing so will
 * make the contract pause mechanism of the contract unreachable, and thus unusable.
 */
abstract contract ERC20Pausable is ERC20, Pausable {
    /**
     * @dev See {ERC20-_update}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual override whenNotPaused {
        super._update(from, to, value);
    }
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.4.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity >=0.4.16;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC-20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[ERC-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC-20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS
    }

    /**
     * @dev The signature derives the `address(0)`.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignature();

    /**
     * @dev The signature has an invalid length.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256 length);

    /**
     * @dev The signature has an S value that is in the upper half order.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(bytes32 s);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with `signature` or an error. This will not
     * return address(0) without al